@proceedings {2243,
	title = {Effective brain-computer interfacing using BCI2000.},
	volume = {2009},
	year = {2009},
	month = {2009},
	pages = {5498-501},
	abstract = {To facilitate research and development in Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) research, we have been developing a general-purpose BCI system, called BCI2000, over the past nine years. This system has enjoyed a growing adoption in BCI and related areas and has been the basis for some of the most impressive studies reported to date. This paper gives an update on the status of this project by describing the principles of the BCI2000 system, its benefits, and impact on the field to date.},
	keywords = {Algorithms, Brain, Electrocardiography, Equipment Design, Equipment Failure Analysis, Rehabilitation, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, User-Computer Interface},
	issn = {1557-170X},
	doi = {10.1109/IEMBS.2009.5334558},
	author = {Gerwin Schalk}
}
@article {3194,
	title = {The interaction of a new motor skill and an old one: H-reflex conditioning and locomotion in rats.},
	journal = {The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2005},
	month = {07/2005},
	pages = {6898{\textendash}6906},
	abstract = {New and old motor skills can interfere with each other or interact in other ways. Because each skill entails a distributed pattern of activity-dependent plasticity, investigation of their interactions is facilitated by simple models. In a well characterized model of simple learning, rats and monkeys gradually change the size of the H-reflex, the electrical analog of the spinal stretch reflex. This study evaluates in normal rats the interactions of this new skill of H-reflex conditioning with the old well established skill of overground locomotion. In rats in which the soleus H-reflex elicited in the conditioning protocol (i.e., the conditioning H-reflex) had been decreased by down-conditioning, the H-reflexes elicited during the stance and swing phases of locomotion (i.e., the locomotor H-reflexes) were also smaller. Similarly, in rats in which the conditioning H-reflex had been increased by up-conditioning, the locomotor H-reflexes were also larger. Soleus H-reflex conditioning did not affect the duration, length, or right/left symmetry of the step cycle. However, the conditioned change in the stance H-reflex was positively correlated with change in the amplitude of the soleus locomotor burst, and the correlation was consistent with current estimates of the contribution of primary afferent input to the burst. Although H-reflex conditioning and locomotion did not interfere with each other, H-reflex conditioning did affect how locomotion was produced: it changed soleus burst amplitude and may have induced compensatory changes in the activity of other muscles. These results illustrate and clarify the subtlety and complexity of skill interactions. They also suggest that H-reflex conditioning might be used to improve the abnormal locomotion produced by spinal cord injury or other disorders of supraspinal control.},
	keywords = {H-reflex conditioning, Learning, Locomotion, memory consolidation, Motor control, Rehabilitation, spinal cord plasticity},
	issn = {1529-2401},
	doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1684-05.2005},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16033899},
	author = {Yi Chen and Xiang Yang Chen and Jakeman, Lyn B. and Gerwin Schalk and Stokes, Bradford T. and Jonathan Wolpaw}
}
@article {3222,
	title = {The BCI Competition 2003: progress and perspectives in detection and discrimination of EEG single trials.},
	journal = {IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering},
	volume = {51},
	year = {2004},
	month = {06/2004},
	pages = {1044{\textendash}1051},
	abstract = {Interest in developing a new method of man-to-machine communication{\textendash}a brain-computer interface (BCI){\textendash}has grown steadily over the past few decades. BCIs create a new communication channel between the brain and an output device by bypassing conventional motor output pathways of nerves and muscles. These systems use signals recorded from the scalp, the surface of the cortex, or from inside the brain to enable users to control a variety of applications including simple word-processing software and orthotics. BCI technology could therefore provide a new communication and control option for individuals who cannot otherwise express their wishes to the outside world. Signal processing and classification methods are essential tools in the development of improved BCI technology. We organized the BCI Competition 2003 to evaluate the current state of the art of these tools. Four laboratories well versed in EEG-based BCI research provided six data sets in a documented format. We made these data sets (i.e., labeled training sets and unlabeled test sets) and their descriptions available on the Internet. The goal in the competition was to maximize the performance measure for the test labels. Researchers worldwide tested their algorithms and competed for the best classification results. This paper describes the six data sets and the results and function of the most successful algorithms.},
	keywords = {augmentative communication, BCI, beta-rhythm, brain-computer interface, EEG, ERP, imagined hand movements, lateralized readiness potential, mu-rhythm, P300, Rehabilitation, single-trial classification, slow cortical potentials},
	issn = {0018-9294},
	doi = {10.1109/TBME.2004.826692},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15188876},
	author = {Benjamin Blankertz and M{\"u}ller, Klaus-Robert and Curio, Gabriel and Theresa M Vaughan and Gerwin Schalk and Jonathan Wolpaw and Schl{\"o}gl, Alois and Neuper, Christa and Pfurtscheller, Gert and Hinterberger, Thilo and Schr{\"o}der, Michael and Niels Birbaumer}
}
@article {3234,
	title = {EEG-based communication: presence of an error potential.},
	journal = {Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology},
	volume = {111},
	year = {2000},
	month = {12/2000},
	pages = {2138{\textendash}2144},
	abstract = {EEG-based communication could be a valuable new augmentative communication technology for those with severe motor disabilities. Like all communication methods, it faces the problem of errors in transmission. In the Wadsworth EEG-based brain-computer interface (BCI) system, subjects learn to use mu or beta rhythm amplitude to move a cursor to targets on a computer screen. While cursor movement is highly accurate in trained subjects, it is not perfect.},
	keywords = {augmentative communication, brain-computer interface, Electroencephalography, error potential, error related negativity, event related potential, mu rhythm, Rehabilitation, sensorimotor cortex},
	issn = {1388-2457},
	doi = {10.1016/S1388-2457(00)00457-0},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11090763},
	author = {Gerwin Schalk and Jonathan Wolpaw and Dennis J. McFarland and Pfurtscheller, G.}
}
