01652nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245007200055210006900127260001200196300001400208490000800222520096900230653003301199653002801232653002401260653002601284653002601310100002401336700002601360856004801386       2003                        eng d  a0304-394000aQuantifying signal-to-noise ratio of mismatch negativity in humans.0 aQuantifying signaltonoise ratio of mismatch negativity in humans  c05/2003  a251–2550 v3413 aMismatch negativity (MMN) is thought to represent a neurophysiological index of auditory information processing that is independent of attention. Because this measure does not require an overt behavioral response, MMN has potential to evaluate higher order perceptual abilities in infants, young children and difficult-to-test populations, thereby extending results obtained from more basic physiologic and electroacoustic measures (auditory brainstem responses, ABRs; otoacoustic emissions, OAEs). Whereas the basic tenet of MMN is appealing, several issues-of-contention remain to be solved before this event related potential (ERP) can be applicable for routine clinical use. These issues include the consistent identification of MMN within individuals (vs. groups), its stability over time, and its reportedly poor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Herein, we focus on the issue of SNR, by comparing and contrasting SNR of MMN with other long latency auditory ERPs.10aauditory brainstem responses10aevent related potential10amismatch negativity10aotoacoustic emissions10asignal-to-noise ratio1 aCacace, Anthony, T.1 aMcFarland, Dennis, J.  uhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1269729501315nas a2200289   4500008004100000022001400041245006100055210005800116260001200174300001600186490000800202520045900210653003100669653002900700653002700729653002000756653002900776653002800805653001400833653001900847653002400866100001900890700002100909700002600930700002100956856004800977       2000                        eng d  a1388-245700aEEG-based communication: presence of an error potential.0 aEEGbased communication presence of an error potential  c12/2000  a2138–21440 v1113 aEEG-based communication could be a valuable new augmentative communication technology for those with severe motor disabilities. Like all communication methods, it faces the problem of errors in transmission. In the Wadsworth EEG-based brain-computer interface (BCI) system, subjects learn to use mu or beta rhythm amplitude to move a cursor to targets on a computer screen. While cursor movement is highly accurate in trained subjects, it is not perfect.10aaugmentative communication10abrain-computer interface10aElectroencephalography10aerror potential10aerror related negativity10aevent related potential10amu rhythm10aRehabilitation10asensorimotor cortex1 aSchalk, Gerwin1 aWolpaw, Jonathan1 aMcFarland, Dennis, J.1 aPfurtscheller, G  uhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11090763