01613nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001400041245007000055210006600125260001200191300001100203490000600214520106600220653003201286100002601318700001901344700002101363856004701384       1998                        eng d  a1063-652800aEEG-based communication and control: short-term role of feedback.0 aEEGbased communication and control shortterm role of feedback  c03/1998  a7–110 v63 aWhen people learn to control the amplitudes of certain electroencephalogram (EEG) components (e.g., the 8-12 Hz mu-rhythm over sensorimotor cortex) and use them to move a cursor to a target on a video screen, feedback about performance is normally provided by cursor movement and by trial outcome (i.e., success or failure). We assessed the short-term effects of this feedback on EEG control. After subjects received initial training with feedback present, feedback was removed intermittently for periods of several minutes. Subjects still displayed EEG control when feedback was removed. Removal of cursor movement alone appeared to have effects comparable to removal of both cursor movement and trial outcome. These results show that, in the short-term at least, mu-rhythm control is not dependent on the sensory input provided by cursor movement. They also suggest that feedback can have inhibitory as well as facilitory effects on EEG control, and that these effects vary across subjects. This finding has implications for the design of training procedures.10aSensitivity and Specificity1 aMcFarland, Dennis, J.1 aMcCane, L., M.1 aWolpaw, Jonathan  uhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9535518