Wang Y, Chen Y, Chen L, Herron BJ, Chen XYang, Wolpaw JR. Motor learning changes the axon initial segment of the spinal motoneuron. J Physiol. 2024;602(9):2107-2126. 

Phipps AM, Thompson AK. Operant up-conditioning of the soleus cutaneous reflex to non-noxious stimuli in a person with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury. Clin Neurophysiol. 2024;157:1-3. 

McCane LM, Wolpaw JR, Thompson AK. Effects of active and sham tDCS on the soleus H-reflex during standing. Exp Brain Res. 2023;241(6):1611-1622. 

McKinnon ML, N Hill J, Carp JS, Dellenbach B, Thompson AK. Methods for automated delineation and assessment of EMG responses evoked by peripheral nerve stimulation in diagnostic and closed-loop therapeutic applications. J Neural Eng. 2023;20(4). 

N Hill J, Gupta D, Eftekhar A, Brangaccio JA, Norton JJS, McLeod M, et al.. The Evoked Potential Operant Conditioning System (EPOCS): A Research Tool and an Emerging Therapy for Chronic Neuromuscular Disorders. J Vis Exp. 2022;(186). 

Lyle MA, McLeod MM, Pouliot BA, Thompson AK. Soleus H-reflex modulation during a double-legged drop landing task. Exp Brain Res. 2022;240(4):1093-1103. 

Kwon Y-T, Norton JJS, Cutrone A, Lim H-R, Kwon S, Choi JJ, et al.. Breathable, large-area epidermal electronic systems for recording electromyographic activity during operant conditioning of H-reflex. Biosens Bioelectron. 2020;165:112404. 

Norton J, Vaughan T, Gemoets D, Heckman S, Toliou SD, Carp J, et al.. Operant Condition of the Flexor Carpi Radialis H-reflex. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  [Internet]. 2020;101(12). https://www.archives-pmr.org/article/S0003-9993(20)31081-9/abstract

Thompson AK, Carruth H, Haywood R, Hill NJ, Sarnacki WA, McCane LM, et al.. Effects of Sensorimotor Rhythm Modulation on the Human Flexor Carpi Radialis H-Reflex. Frontiers in Neuroscience [Internet]. 2018;12. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2018.00505

Eftekhar A, Norton JJS, McDonough CM, Wolpaw J. Retraining Reflexes: Clinical Translation of Spinal Reflex Operant Conditioning. Neurotherapeutics [Internet]. 2018;15(3):669-683. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13311-018-0643-2

Chen Y, Chen L, Wang Y, Chen XYang, Wolpaw J. Why New Spinal Cord Plasticity Does Not Disrupt Old Motor Behaviors. The Journal of Neuroscience [Internet]. 2017;37(34):8198-8206. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5566867/

Boulay CB, Chen XY, Wolpaw J. Electrocorticographic activity over sensorimotor cortex and motor function in awake behaving rats. J Neurophysiol [Internet]. 2015;113(7):2232-41. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25632076

Thompson AK, Wolpaw J. Targeted neuroplasticity for rehabilitation. In Progress in Brain Research [Internet]. 2015. pp. 157-72. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25890136

Chen Y, Chen L, Liu R, Wang Y, Chen XY, Wolpaw J. Locomotor impact of beneficial or nonbeneficial H-reflex conditioning after spinal cord injury. J Neurophysiol [Internet]. 2014;111(6):1249-58. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24371288

Thompson AK, Wolpaw J. Operant conditioning of spinal reflexes: from basic science to clinical therapy. Front Integr Neurosci [Internet]. 2014;8:25. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24672441

Thompson AK, Wolpaw J. The simplest motor skill: mechanisms and applications of reflex operant conditioning. Exerc Sport Sci Rev [Internet]. 2014;42(2):82-90. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24508738

Chen XY, Chen Y, Wang Y, Thompson A, Carp JS, Segal RL, et al.. Reflex conditioning: a new strategy for improving motor function after spinal cord injury. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences [Internet]. 2010;1198 Suppl 1:E12?E21. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20590534

Thompson AK, Chen XY, Wolpaw J. Acquisition of a simple motor skill: task-dependent adaptation plus long-term change in the human soleus H-reflex. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience [Internet]. 2009;29:5784?5792. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19420246

Wolpaw J. Spinal cord plasticity in acquisition and maintenance of motor skills. Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) [Internet]. 2007;189:155?169. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17250566

Wang Y, Pillai S, Wolpaw J, Chen XY. Motor learning changes GABAergic terminals on spinal motoneurons in normal rats. The European journal of neuroscience [Internet]. 2006;23:141?150. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16420424

Mazzocchio R, Kitago T, Liuzzi G, Wolpaw J, Cohen LG. Plastic changes in the human H-reflex pathway at rest following skillful cycling training. Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology [Internet]. 2006;117:1682?1691. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16793333

Chen XY, Chen L, Wolpaw J, Jakeman LB. Corticospinal tract transection reduces H-reflex circadian rhythm in rats. Brain research [Internet]. 2002;942:101?108. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12031858

Schalk G, Carp JS, Wolpaw J. Temporal transformation of multiunit activity improves identification of single motor units. J Neurosci Methods [Internet]. 2002;114(1):87-98. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11850043

Carp JS, Chen XY, Sheikh H, Wolpaw J. Effects of chronic nerve cuff and intramuscular electrodes on rat triceps surae motor units. Neuroscience letters [Internet]. 2001;312:1?4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11578831

Carp JS, Chen XY, Sheikh H, Wolpaw J. Motor unit properties after operant conditioning of rat H-reflex. Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale [Internet]. 2001;140:382?386. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11681314

Carp JS, Chen XY, Sheikh H, Wolpaw J. Operant conditioning of rat H-reflex affects motoneuron axonal conduction velocity. Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale [Internet]. 2001;136:269?273. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11206290

Wolpaw J, Chen XY. Operant conditioning of rat H-reflex: effects on mean latency and duration. Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale [Internet]. 2001;136:274?279. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11206291

Chen XY, Wolpaw J, Jakeman LB, Stokes BT. Operant conditioning of H-reflex increase in spinal cord?injured rats. Journal of neurotrauma [Internet]. 1999;16:175?186. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10098962

Wolpaw J. The complex structure of a simple memory. Trends in neurosciences [Internet]. 1997;20:588?594. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9416673

Chen XY, Wolpaw J, Jakeman LB, Stokes BT. Operant conditioning of H-reflex in spinal cord-injured rats. Journal of neurotrauma [Internet]. 1996;13:755?766. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9002061

Chen XY, Wolpaw J. Reversal of H-reflex operant conditioning in the rat. Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale [Internet]. 1996;112:58?62. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8951407

Chen XY, Wolpaw J. Operantly conditioned plasticity and circadian rhythm in rat H-reflex are independent phenomena. Neuroscience letters [Internet]. 1995;195:109?112. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7478262

Chen XY, Wolpaw J. Circadian rhythm in rat H-reflex. Brain research [Internet]. 1994;648:167?170. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7922520

Wolpaw J, Herchenroder PA, Carp JS. Operant conditioning of the primate H-reflex: factors affecting the magnitude of change. Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale [Internet]. 1993;97:31?39. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8131830

Wolpaw J, Herchenroder PA. Operant conditioning of H-reflex in freely moving monkeys. Journal of neuroscience methods [Internet]. 1990;31:145?152. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2319815

Wolpaw J, Dowman R. Operant conditioning of primate spinal reflexes: effect on cortical SEPs. Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology [Internet]. 1988;69:398?401. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2450739