<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pei, Xiao-Mei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barbour, Dennis L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leuthardt, E C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gerwin Schalk</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decoding vowels and consonants in spoken and imagined words using electrocorticographic signals in humans.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Neural Eng</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Neural Eng</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain Mapping</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerebral Cortex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Communication Aids for Disabled</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Data Interpretation, Statistical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discrimination (Psychology)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Electrodes, Implanted</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Electroencephalography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Epilepsy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Functional Laterality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Movement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Speech Perception</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">User-Computer Interface</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21750369</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">046028</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;&quot;&gt;Several stories in the popular media have speculated that it may be possible to infer from the brain which word a person is speaking or even thinking. While recent studies have demonstrated that brain signals can give detailed information about actual and imagined actions, such as different types of limb movements or spoken words, concrete experimental evidence for the possibility to 'read the mind', i.e. to interpret internally-generated speech, has been scarce. In this study, we found that it is possible to use signals recorded from the surface of the brain (electrocorticography) to discriminate the vowels and consonants embedded in spoken and in imagined words, and we defined the cortical areas that held the most information about discrimination of vowels and consonants. The results shed light on the distinct mechanisms associated with production of vowels and consonants, and could provide the basis for brain-based communication using imagined speech.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record></records></xml>