<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jonathan Wolpaw</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bedlack, RS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reda, DJ</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ringer, RJ</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Banks, PG</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaughan, TM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heckman, SM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McCrane, LM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carmack, CS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winden, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McFarland, DJ</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sellers, EW</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shi, H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paine, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Higgins, DS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lo, AC</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patwa, HS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hill, KJ</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huang, GS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruff, RL</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Independent home use of a brain-computer interface by people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neurology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">All clinical neurophysiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">All Neuromuscular Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evoked Potentials</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">visual</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://n.neurology.org/content/neurology/early/2018/06/27/WNL.0000000000005812.full.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Objective: To assess the reliability and usefulness of an EEG-based brain-computer interface (BCI) for patients with advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) who used it independently at home for up to 18 months.

Methods: Of 42 patients consented, 39 (93%) met the study criteria, and 37 (88%) were assessed for use of the Wadsworth BCI. Nine (21%) could not use the BCI. Of the other 28, 27 (men, age 28–79 years) (64%) had the BCI placed in their homes, and they and their caregivers were trained to use it. Use data were collected by Internet. Periodic visits evaluated BCI benefit and burden and quality of life.

Results: Over subsequent months, 12 (29% of the original 42) left the study because of death or rapid disease progression and 6 (14%) left because of decreased interest. Fourteen (33%) completed training and used the BCI independently, mainly for communication. Technical problems were rare. Patient and caregiver ratings indicated that BCI benefit exceeded burden. Quality of life remained stable. Of those not lost to the disease, half completed the study; all but 1 patient kept the BCI for further use.

Conclusion: The Wadsworth BCI home system can function reliably and usefully when operated by patients in their homes. BCIs that support communication are at present most suitable for people who are severely disabled but are otherwise in stable health. Improvements in BCI convenience and performance, including some now underway, should increase the number of people who find them useful and the extent to which they are used.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dowman, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jonathan Wolpaw</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seegal, R. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Satya-Murti, S.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chronic exposure of primates to 60-Hz electric and magnetic fields: III. Neurophysiologic effects.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioelectromagnetics</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60-Hz electromagnetic radiation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">auditory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">brainstem auditory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evoked potential</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">primates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">somatosensory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">visual</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1989</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/1989</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2751703</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">303–317</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The neurophysiologic effects of combined 60-Hz electric (E) and magnetic (B) fields, of magnitudes comparable to those produced by high-voltage powerlines, were investigated in 10 monkeys (Macaca nemestrina). Six animals (experimental group) were each exposed to three different levels of E and B fields: 3 kV/m and 0.1 G, 10 kV/m and 0.3 G, and 30 kV/m and 0.9 G. Field exposures were preceded and followed by sham exposures, during which factors of field generation were present (e.g., heat, vibration, noise, etc.) without E and B fields. Each of the five segments (i.e., the three exposure segments and the initial and final sham exposure segments) lasted 3 weeks. Animals were exposed for 18 h/day (fields on at 1600 h, off at 1000 h). Four other animals (external control group) were given sham exposure for the entire 15-week period. Auditory, visual, and somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded twice a week, during the daily 6-h field-off period. E- and B-field exposure had no effect on the early or mid-latency evoked potential components, suggesting that exposure at these levels has no effect on peripheral or central sensory afferent pathways. However, there was a statistically significant decrease in the amplitudes of late components of the somatosensory evoked potential during the 10kV/m and 0.3 G, and 30 kV/m and 0.9 G exposure levels. This result is possibly related to the opiate antagonist effect of electromagnetic field exposure reported by others.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>